MS Beam, or Mild Steel Beam, is a fundamental structural steel component extensively used in the construction and engineering sectors. It serves as a critical element in frameworks where high load-bearing capacity and strength are required. Manufactured from mild steel, which is known for its low carbon content and excellent mechanical properties, MS beams are indispensable in ensuring the structural integrity and stability of buildings, bridges, industrial setups, and other large-scale infrastructure.

1. Material Composition and Properties

MS Beams are fabricated from mild steel, a type of carbon steel with a relatively low percentage of carbon (typically between 0.15% and 0.25%). This composition provides the material with several favorable attributes:

• High tensile strength

• Excellent ductility

• Good weldability

• Ease of machining and fabrication

• Relatively low cost compared to high-carbon or alloy steels

These properties make MS beams highly desirable in both temporary and permanent structural applications.

2. Structural Forms of MS Beams

MS Beams come in various shapes and cross-sectional designs, each suitable for specific structural needs:

a. I-Beam (also called H-Beam or Universal Beam)

• Shaped like the capital letter “I” or “H”.

• Comprises a central vertical web and horizontal flanges at the top and bottom.

• Offers excellent strength and load distribution, especially in bending applications.

b. C-Beam (Channel Beam)

• Shaped like a “C” with a single web and two parallel flanges.

• Commonly used in lighter structures and support systems.

c. T-Beam

• Shaped like a “T”, often used as a load-bearing structure in flooring systems.

d. Angle Beam

• L-shaped cross-section, used in support applications where low-to-moderate structural strength is needed.

3. Sizes and Specifications

MS Beams are available in a wide range of sizes, thicknesses, and weights. The selection of a particular size depends on structural load requirements and design specifications.

• Common Depths: 100 mm to 600 mm

• Thickness: Varies depending on design (typically 5 mm to 20 mm or more)

• Length: Supplied in standard lengths (6 meters, 9 meters, 12 meters), but can be cut to custom lengths

• Standards:

  • IS 2062 (India)

  • ASTM A36 (USA)

  • BS EN 10025 (UK/Europe)

4. Manufacturing Process

MS Beams are usually manufactured using the hot rolling process, where steel billets are heated to high temperatures and passed through rollers to form the desired beam profile. The process ensures:

• Uniform cross-sectional shape

• Consistent mechanical properties

• Smooth surface finish

• Dimensional accuracy

Some specialized beams may also be made using welding or cold forming, depending on design requirements.

5. Applications of MS Beams

MS Beams are widely used across several industries due to their strength, stability, and load-carrying capabilities:

a. Construction Industry

• Structural frames of buildings

• Columns and pillars

• Roof trusses and floor joists

• Bridges and flyovers

b. Industrial Sector

• Support structures in factories and warehouses

• Crane rails and gantry systems

• Heavy-duty shelving and racking

c. Transportation and Infrastructure

• Railway tracks and platforms

• Tunnels and highways

• Ports and marine structures

d. Machinery and Equipment

• Frame supports for large machines

• Platforms and mezzanines